(North County Beat) – San Diego County is renowned for its stunning beaches, mild weather, and vibrant communities. However, hidden among its treasures is a geological marvel that many would never expect—an ancient volcano. Located in the quiet neighborhood of Carlsbad lies Mount Calavera, a unique volcanic feature that offers both historical intrigue and outdoor adventure.
A Volcanic Surprise Beneath the Surface
When we think of volcanoes, images of fiery eruptions and molten lava often come to mind. The idea of a volcano existing so close to the sandy shores of Carlsbad seems almost unbelievable. Yet, beneath the serene trails and scenic views of the Calavera Nature Preserve lies the remains of an ancient plug dome volcano.
NBC 7 meteorologist Francella Perez brought attention to this hidden gem during a conversation with local hiker Channin Franz.
“Did you know that this is actually a volcano?” Perez asked Franz during a hike.
Franz admitted her initial disbelief but noted how her family’s curiosity led them to explore its history. “My husband grew up just on the other side. When he explained it to me, I didn’t really believe him at first. But when we showed up here, the informational signs really explained it all. It’s fascinating,” Franz shared.
The Science Behind Mount Calavera
Mount Calavera was formed roughly 22 million years ago when tectonic forces caused the North American and Pacific Plates to collide. This process, known as subduction, led to intense pressure deep within the Earth’s mantle, creating the conditions necessary for volcanic activity.
Volcanic eruptions are among nature’s most dramatic displays, often leaving behind unique geological formations. Mount Calavera’s plug dome is particularly notable because hikers can view its volcanic plug—a columnar structure that once served as the volcano’s throat.
Dr. Pat Abbott, a geologist, explained the process in detail:
“Those hexagonal columns you see are remnants of the volcano’s throat. Magma, pushed by gas, once surged upward here. When the gas dissipated and magma cooled, it contracted into these six-sided columns,” Abbott said.
These formations are similar to the striking volcanic columns at Devils Tower in Wyoming and Devils Postpile in California.
An Extinct Volcano
For those concerned about the possibility of an eruption, Dr. Abbott offered reassurance.
“This volcano is extinct. There’s no magma, no seismic activity—nothing to indicate it could ever erupt again, not even during a major earthquake,” Abbott confirmed.
This dormant state makes Mount Calavera a safe and fascinating destination for exploration.
A Destination for Outdoor Enthusiasts
Beyond its geological significance, the Calavera Nature Preserve offers over 100 acres of natural beauty. Its trails are perfect for hiking, biking, and even family strolls. The preserve includes a scenic 1.9-mile loop around Lake Calavera, with panoramic views of North County and the coastline.
Seven-year-old Samuel Franz, a frequent visitor, summed it up simply: “I like how it’s really big.”
Visitors can enjoy over four miles of trails that weave through diverse landscapes, from rocky volcanic outcrops to tranquil lakeside paths. Best of all, the preserve is easily accessible and free to explore, making it a hidden treasure for locals and visitors alike.
A Journey into History and Nature
Mount Calavera is more than just a hiking spot—it’s a journey into the geological past of Southern California. Whether you’re an avid adventurer or a curious history enthusiast, the preserve offers something for everyone. So next time you’re in Carlsbad, don’t miss the chance to explore this fascinating piece of natural history.
Mount Calavera stands as a reminder of our planet’s dynamic history, blending education and recreation into one remarkable destination.